India’s aviation sector supports economic growth, connectivity and infrastructure, making the country the world’s third-largest domestic aviation market. Rising incomes, urbanization, tourism and government policies are driving airport expansion. Key initiatives include UDAN, Greenfield Airports Policy, PM Gati Shakti, DigiYatra and Krishi UDAN, alongside efforts to develop aircraft leasing and MRO. Challenges remain, including infrastructure gaps, high costs and skill shortages. Future priorities include regional connectivity, digitalization, sustainability and workforce development.